List the directories that the root directory must contain. Write purpose of any four.

Home Linux Administration Unit 1 List the directories that the root directory must contain. Write purpose of any four.

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  1. bin — This directory contains command files for use by the system administrator or other users. The bin directory cannot contain sub directories.
  2. boot— On Red Hat systems, this is the directory containing the kernel, the core of the operating system. Also in this directory are files related to booting the system, such as the boot loader and the initial ramdisk.
  3. dev — This directory contains device nodes through which the operating system can access hardware and software devices on the system.
  4. etc — This directory and its sub directories contain most of the system configuration files. If you have the X Window System installed on your system, the X11 sub directory is located here. Networking and system related files are in the subdirectory sysconfig. Another sub directory of etc is the skel directory, which holds files used as templates used to create files in users’ home directories when the users are created.
  5. home— This directory contains the directories of users on the system. Sub directories of home will be named for the user to whom they belong.
  6. initrd — This directory is used as a mount point when the system is booting. It doesn’t contain any data, but it is very important that it be there. This directory is not part of the FHS.
  7. lib — The shared system files and kernel modules are contained in this directory and its sub directories.
  8. media — This directory contains the mount points for removable media such as floppy drives, CD-ROM drives, and USB devices such as flash memory sticks, which are typically auto mounted by the system.
  9. mnt — This directory is the location of the mount point for temporary file systems, such as those on floppies or CDs, which traditionally have been manually mounted.
  10. opt — This directory and its sub directories are often used to hold applications installed on the system.
  11. proc— This directory is a mount point for virtual information about currently running system processes. This directory is empty until the proc file system is mounted.
  12. root— This is the home directory of the root user. Don’t confuse this with the / directory, which has the same name.
  13. sbin— Contained in this directory are system binaries used by the system administrator or the root user.
  14. selinux — This directory is similar to the /proc directory in that it contains information about the selinux stored in the memory of the running kernel.
  15. srv — This directory is intended to hold site-specific data for system provided services.
  16. sys — This directory is the mount point for a virtual file system of type sysfs that is used to hold information about the system and devices.
  17. tmp — This directory contains temporary files used by the system.
  18. usr — This directory is often mounted on its own partition. It contains shareable, read-only data. Sub directories can be used for applications,typically under /usr/local.
  19. var — Sub directories and files under.
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